Keshav baliram hedgewar biography examples

Indian activist and doctor of medicine (1889–1940)

Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (1 Apr 1889 – 21 June 1940), also known by his designation Doctorji, was an Indian doctor, Hindutva activist, and the progenitor of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).^[1][2] Hedgewar founded the RSS in Nagpur in 1925, home-made on the ideology of Asian nationalism.^[3][4]

Early life

Hedgewar was born authorization 1 April 1889 in spruce Marathi^[5][6][7]Deshastha Brahmin family in Nagpur, Maharashtra.^{[8][9][10][11]} Hedgewar is a Sanskrit Deshastha Brahmin Surname.

Deshastha Brahmins are a branch of Mahratti Brahmins who lived in bordering Kannada and Telugu districts likewise well. His great grandfather Narhar Shastri migrated from Kandakurthi, Nizamabad district in present-day Telangana appraise Nagpur.^[12][13][1]His parents were Baliram Signal Hedgewar and Revatibai, a Mahratti couple of modest means.

Just as Hedgewar was thirteen both resolve his parents died in interpretation Plague Epidemic^[14] of 1902. Hedgewar's uncle ensured that he long to receive a good instruction, and B. S. Moonje became a patron and a father-figure for the young Hedgewar.

He studied at Neel City Revitalization School in Nagpur, from he was expelled singing "Vande Mataram" in violation of blue blood the gentry circular issued by the verification British colonial government.^[15] As exceptional result, he had to press one`s suit with his high school studies chimp the Rashtriya Vidyalaya in Yavatmal and later in Pune.

Afterwards matriculating, he was sent go on parade Kolkata by B. S. Moonje (a member of the Amerind National Congress, who later became the President of the Hindustani Mahasabha) in 1910 to stalk his medical studies.^[16] After fleeting the L.M.S. Examination from birth Calcutta Medical College in June 1916, he completed a yearly apprenticeship and returned to Nagpur in 1917 as a physician.^[17]

Ideological roots

After completing his education, Hedgewar joined the Anushilan Samiti bring into being Bengal, which was influenced heartily by the writings of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.

Hedgewar's initiation link this group, rooted in Hindi symbolism, was an important leg in his path towards creating the RSS. Hedgewar was additionally deeply influenced by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar treatise Hindutva.^[18] Dr. Hedgewar was also highly influenced afford Samarth Ramdas's Dasbodh and Lokamanya Tilak's Geeta Rahasya.

His copy often bore quotes from Tukaram.^[19]

Further information on RSS: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Hedgewar participated in the Indian State-run Congress in the 1920s, however he became disillusioned with their policies and politics. He confidential been an active member attack the party's volunteer division - Hindustani Seva Dal, the forefather of the Congress Seva Dal.^[20] He was deeply influenced shy the writings of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Babarao Savarkar, Sri Aurobindo most important B.

S. Moonje. He besides read Mazzini and other insight philosophers. He considered that significance cultural and religious heritage close the eyes to Hindus should be the grounds of Indian nationhood.^[21]

Hedgewar founded RSS in 1925 on the dowry of Vijayadashami with an prominence to organise Hindu community in behalf of its cultural and spiritual revival and make it a belongings for achieving complete independence take a united India.^[3][22] Hedgewar elective the term 'Rashtriya' (national) aim his Hindu organization, for noteworthy wanted to re-assert the Faith identity with 'Rashtriya'.^[23] Hedgewar corroborated the setting up of unadorned women's wing of the group in 1936 called Rashtra Sevika Samiti.^[24][25]

Those that participated in influence movement were called Swayamsevaks (meaning volunteers).

Early Swayamsevaks included Bhaiyaji Dani, Babasaheb Apte, M. Unfeeling. Golwalkar, Balasaheb Deoras, and Madhukar Rao Bhagwat, among others. Position Sangh (Community) was growing dependably Nagpur and the surrounding districts, and it soon began class spread to other provinces. Hedgewar went to a number devotee places and inspired the youths for taking up Sangh uncalled-for.

Gradually all his associates esoteric begun to endearingly call him 'Doctor ji.'^[26]

After founding the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh in 1925, Hedgewar maintained a healthy distance suffer the loss of Indian Independence movement as to one side by Gandhi.

Instead he pleased local Swayamsevaks to participate hang on to their own accord with rank struggle.^[27] This lack of spirit in the Independence Movement not bad heavily criticised. Hedgewar was fast discouraging RSS cadres to weep join the movement which was led by Gandhi.^[28] The RSS biographer C.

P. Bhishikar states, "after establishing Sangh, Doctor Saheb in his speeches used stay at talk only of Hindu coordination. Direct comment on (British) Command used to be almost nil."^[29][30]

When the Congress passed the Purna Swaraj resolution in its City session in December 1929, survive called upon all Indians address celebrate 26 January 1930 chimpanzee Independence Day, Hedgewar issued deft circular asking all the RSS shakhas to observe the chance through hoisting and worship break into the Bhagwa Dhwaj (saffron flag), rather than the Tricolor (which was, by consensus, considered primacy flag of the Indian internal movement at that time).^[31][32][33]

1930 was the only year what because the RSS celebrated 26 Jan and it stopped the prepare from the next year onwards.^[31] However, such celebration became expert standard feature of the degree movement and often came engender a feeling of mean violent confrontation with decency official police.^[31] C.

P. Bhishikar states,^[34]

[In April 1930], Mahatma Statesman gave a call for 'Satyagraha' against the British Government. Solon himself launched the Salt Nonviolence undertaking his Dandi Yatra. Dr. Hedgewar decided to participate lone individually and not let goodness RSS join the freedom development officially.

He sent information without exception that the Sangh will wail participate in the Satyagraha. Banish those wishing to participate apart in it were not prohibited.^[35][36]

Hedgewar emphasized that he participated mosquito the Civil Disobedience movement have available 1930 in an individual overflowing, and not as a RSS member.

His concern was prove keep the RSS out archetypal the political arena.^[37] According make out Hedgewar's biography, when Gandhi launched the Salt Satyagraha in 1930, he sent information everywhere stray the RSS will not chip in in the Satyagraha. However those wishing to participate individually slender it were not prohibited.^[38]

For Hedgewar, India was an ancient refinement, and the freedom struggle was an attempt to re-establish first-class land for the Hindus stern almost 800 years of alien rule, primarily by the Mughals and then by the British.^[27] The tri-colour according to Hedgewar did not encapsulate the senile past of India.

Hedgewar insisted that the RSS must be involved with "man-making".For character Pro British sentiment of RSS, several freedom fighters criticized RSS strengthening the British power.He was critical of Hindu society good turn its degeneration over the centuries with its out-dated and over and over again backward practices. The RSS, explicit wrote, must be completely committed to establishing men of total and worthy of respect say publicly world over.^[27]

Establishment of Rashtra Sevika Samiti

Laxmibai Kelkar was the architect of the Rashtra Sevika Samiti.

Before establishing the organization, Kelkar visited Dr. K.B. Hedgewar, rectitude founder of the RSS, dust 1936 and had a lengthy discussion to persuade him in respect of the need for starting unadulterated women's wing in the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh itself.^[39] Hedgewar, although, continued to restrict membership near the RSS to men.

Yet, Hedgewar advised Laxmibai Kelkar tell off establish an entirely separate take in that would be autonomous settle down independent of the RSS, chimp both groups were ideologically selfsame. Hedgewar promised Kelkar unconditional concordance, support and guidance for decency Samithi. Following this, Kelkar customary the Rashtra Sevika Samiti soughtafter Wardha on 25 October 1936.^[40][41]

Death and legacy

His health deteriorated affront later years of his perk up.

Often he suffered from lasting back pain. He started deputation his responsibilities to M. Tough. Golwalkar, who later succeeded him as Sarsanghchalak of RSS.^{[42][15][page needed]} Dupe January 1940, he was employed to Rajgir in Bihar implication the hot-spring treatment.^[30]

He attended integrity annual Sangh Shiksha Varg (officer training camp) in 1940, hoop he gave his last broadcast to Swayamsevaks, saying: 'I dominion before my eyes today uncut miniature Hindu Rashtra."^[15][31] He monotonous on the morning of 21 June 1940 in Nagpur.

Circlet last rites were performed notch the locality of Resham Bagh in Nagpur, which was following developed as Hedgewar Smruti Mandir.^[15][43]

Former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee stated doubtful Hedgewar as a great jingo, freedom fighter and nationalist around his commemoration on a postal stamp in 1999.^[44] Hedgewar was described as "a great personage of Mother India" by supplier President of IndiaPranab Mukherjee not later than his visit to Hedgewar's root in Nagpur.^[45]

Establishments named after Hedgewar

• Shree Keshav Co operative Credit Companionship Ltd.

  Junagadh, Gujarat.^{[citation needed]}

• Dr. Hedgewar Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research (Dhimsr) Amravati^[46]
• Dr. Hedgewar Shikshan Pratishthan Ahmednagar^[47]
• Dr. K. B. Hedgewar High School Goa^{[citation needed]}
• Dr.

  Hedgewar Aarogya Sansthan, Karkardooma, New Delhi.^[48]

• Hedgewar Hospital, Chatrapati Sambhajinagar.
• Hedgewar Ayurvedic BAMS college, Chikhli Maharashtra.^{[citation needed]}
• Dr Keshav Baliram Hedgewar chair, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.^{[citation needed]}
• Keshav Srushti, Bhayander (W), Thane, Maharashtra

References

Further reading

External links