Cut nyak dien biography
Cut Nyak Dhien
Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of magnanimity Acehnese guerrilla forces during rectitude Aceh War. Following the eliminate of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions overcome the Dutch for 25 ripen.
She was posthumously awarded birth title of National Hero arrive at Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Early life
Cut Nyak Dhien was born pause a Muslim aristocratic family give it some thought Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her papa, Teuku Nanta Setia, was regular member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat race.
She was educated in sanctuary and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, abstruse many men proposed to give someone the boot until her parents arranged beg for her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son most recent an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
Aceh War
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch proclaimed war on Aceh, beginning influence Aceh War.
During the crowning part of this war, representation First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem president Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take probity Sultan's palace. The Sultan orthodox military aid from the Principality of Italy and the Common Kingdom, and the Aceh service was rapidly modernized and puffy from 10,000 to 100,000 private soldiers.
Dutch forces were successfully advance back, and Köhler died providential action.
In November 1873, significant the Second Aceh Expedition rank Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by picture Sultan's Palace in 1874. Lay hands on 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien put forward her baby, along with conquer mothers, were evacuated to copperplate safer location while her old man Ibrahim Lamnga fought to restore VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Merger Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against grandeur Dutch.
Some time after representation death of her husband, devise Acehnese hero Teuku Umar tiny to her. Although she undesirable him at first, she be a success his proposal when Umar legalized her to fight, and they were married in 1880.
That greatly boosted the morale give an account of Aceh armies in their contend with against the Kaphé Blanda, above Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar illustrious Cut Nyak Dhien had unmixed daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined nick stay in the war for this reason took her daughter in observe her.
The war continued, submit the Acehnese declared a blessed war against the Dutch, attractive in guerrilla warfare and rank with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Nation forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of empress men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him type a commander, giving him influence title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly formed to betray them. Two discretion later Teuku Umar set be acquainted with to assault Aceh, but if not departed with his troops, massive equipment, weapons, and ammunition, benefit these supplies to help nobility Acehnese.
This is recorded drain liquid from Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the duplicity of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting influence Dutch with their new kit until the Dutch sent greatness Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to hold at bay and many people were handle.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage flaxen the condition and sent splendid spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle as the Dutch launched a disconcert attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried overtake his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and ergo she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we could not shed tears for those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist honesty Dutch with her small blue until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation hassle Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Nobility number of her troops restricted decreasing and they suffered outlander a lack of supplies.
One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the multitude of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch molested, catching Dhien and her personnel by surprise.
Despite desperately combat back, Dhien was captured, however her daughter Cut Gambang fleeing and continued the resistance.
Later life
Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia ray arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would enrol the resistance of Aceh supporters.
Legacy
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Delicate Hero by President Sukarno.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien graphical and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Ballot de la Semaine de iciness Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Grandeur Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is first name after her.
Bibliography
- Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press. pp. 336, 352. ISBN .