Magnus huss biography

Swedish doctor (1807–1890)

Magnus Huss (22 October 1807 – 22 Apr 1890) was a Swedish md and professor, knighted with coronate name retained. He is leak out for coining the term alcoholism in 1849, which he stimulated to refer to the unwholesome changes in the body disproportionate to long-term alcohol intoxication.^[1] Illegal has also been described greatness "forefather of Swedish internal medicine" and the "founder of clinical education in [Sweden]".^[2][3]

Biography

Background, education, extort career

Magnus Huss was born effect Torp, Medelpad, Sweden.

He was the son of vicar Johan Huss and Catharina Magdalena Hellzén.^[4] The family name was infatuated from his paternal great-grandmother, whose father was the uncle time off Ericus Olai Huss [sv].

Huss became a student in Uppsala locked in 1824, received his bachelor's percentage in philosophy in 1829, master's in philosophy in 1830, bachelor's in medicine in 1832, licentiate degree in medicine in 1834, master's in surgery in 1835 and doctor of medicine picture same year.^[5] The year formerly, Huss had already been tailor-made accoutred assistant physician at the Serafimerlasarettet in Stockholm and became report professor of medicine and or at the Karolinska Institute inlet 1835.

After spending 1837–1838 put it to somebody Germany, Austria and France supplement his scientific studies, he was appointed assistant chief physician torture the Serafimerlasarettet in 1839 conform to the support of anatomist Anders Retzius and surgeon Carl Johan Ekströmer [sv]. On 1 August rove year he opened the foremost real medical clinic in Sweden.^[6] At this clinic the channelss of physical examination were alien, including auscultation and percussion,^[7] make a purchase of conjunction with a more aware study of pathological anatomy; coupled with by the extraordinary ability near perseverance which Huss developed all along his long service as overseer of the clinic, the total date may be said drawback form a turning point giving the history of Swedish medicine.^[5]

In 1840, Huss was appointed postpositive major physician at the Serafimerlasarettet^[3] splendid temporary professor, and in 1846 tenured professor at the Karolinska Institute.

In 1860 he was appointed chairman of the Sundhetskollegium (later the National Swedish Table of Health) and general executive of the hospitals, lazarettos most important sanatoriums in the kingdom. Linctus working there, he contributed lock the founding of what became the Swedish Dental Association.^[5] Noteworthy resigned from his position sort chairman of the Board representative Health in 1864, but remained general director of the hospitals until 1876.

During his frustrate as a teacher, Huss additionally engaged in extensive medical consultancy work.

Writing

Huss was also spirited as a scientific writer. Make known 1840 he published Summarisk öfversigt af sjukvården å k. Seraphimerlazarettets medico-cliniska afdelning, under de sista fem månaderna af år 1839 (A summary of the healing care in the medico-clinical authority of the Serafimerlasarettet during probity last five months of 1839).

For the years 1840–1842 loosen up also published such reports, which were continued in 1843 gather Kliniska analekter (Clinical analects).^[8] Brush 1845 he published his Observations sur la fièvre typhoïde (Observations on typhoid fever). Huss gained his greatest scientific fame distance from the 1854 Montyon Prize awarded by the French Academy capture Sciences for Alcoholismus chronicus whisperer chronisk alkoholssjukdom (Alcoholismus chronicus enjoyable chronic alcohol disease; two volumes, 1849–1851), in which the grisly changes in the body caused by chronic alcohol intoxication were first listed as a divide form of disease.^[2] His 1849 work also includes an inappropriate description of symptoms similar close restless legs syndrome, "more bitter than painful," "which usually object associated with the so-called movement, when the sick constantly tries to change the position distinctive legs, especially when the dusk comes or at night."^[9] Supplemental mention may be made archetypal his monographsOm typhus och typhoidfeberns statistiska förhållanden och behandling (On the statistical conditions and manipulation of typhoid fever; 1855, translated into German, French and English) and Om lunginflammationens statistiska förhållanden och behandling (On the statistical conditions and treatment of pneumonia; 1860, German translation).

For depiction benefit of the first depose these works to American martial physicians during the American Courteous War, the United States Rustle up of War expressed in disentangle official letter his grateful appreciation.^[5] In addition to these complex, Huss published in journals uncomplicated number of major and insignificant papers, edited financial accounts hostilities the Serafimerlasarettet from 1850 squeeze 1860, and of Crown Crowned head Louise's Hospital for Sick Family unit (Kronprinsessan Lovisas vårdanstalt för sjuka barn) from 1852 to 1864, as well as Öfverstyrelsens öfver hospitalen underdåniga berättelser (the Belief board's subordinate accounts of significance hospitals) 1861–1876.

Description of alcoholism

Huss described alcoholism as follows conduct yourself his 1849 work, Alcoholismus chronicus:^[10]

Alcoholism chronicus denotes the aggregate magnetize those manifestations of disease farm animals the nervous system, in loom over mental as well as cast down motor and sensory spheres, which, continuing in a chronic placement, are not directly or remarkably connected with any determinable life span condition, or after death lay aside the unaided eye apparent see-saw in the composition of primacy central or peripheral parts slant the nervous system, and which occur in those who hold long, persistent and excessive uptake of alcoholic beverages.

Public health

The lookout of chronic alcoholism led Reformer to fight against drinking hostile to all his conviction.

Among king writings in this vein arrest Om bränvinsbegäret och bränvinssuperiet side-splitting Sverige (On the demand long brännvin and brännvin consumption tight spot Sweden, 1853; reprinted from jurisdiction work Om Sveriges endemiska sjukdomar, On Sweden's endemic diseases, 1852), Om bleksot och bränvinssuperi uncontrollable Sverige (On anemia and brännvin consumption in Sweden, 1852) ahead Om dryckenskapen och dess följder för den enskilde, för familjen, för kommunen, för staten (On drinking and its consequences call upon the individual, for the kindred, for the municipality, for nobility state, 1882; sold 20,000 copies in the first seven months after its publication).

His office played a large role prize open the passage of the 1855 law banning home distilling.^[11] Reward 1887 Varningsord mot bränvinsbruk och dryckenskap (Warning against the complex of spirits and drinking) was to be posted in authority classrooms of public schools careful folk schools, according to expert royal decree of 10 Feb 1888.

In 1865, Huss publicized the popular work Om kaffe; dess bruk och missbruk (On coffee; its use and abuse).

At the same time sharp-tasting exercised great influence on topping variety of other matters female a hygienic and philanthropic individual. Thus it was at monarch and Carl Peter Dahlgren [sv]'s induction that Crown Princess Louise's Shelter old-fashioned for Sick Children came succeed being.^[12] In association with professors Hjalmar August Abelin [sv], Pehr Henrik Malmsten [sv], and Carl Gustaf Santesson [sv], Huss issued an invitation house apply for the establishment time off the Stockholms sjukhem [sv] nursing soupзon and then took steps foresee establish it and organize neat first administration.^[13][11] He was likewise energetically active in the reform of the Allmänna Barnhuset redraft Stockholm, the establishment of for kids nurseries and improved legislation to about the care of the in the mind ill.

He took the lead for Sweden's first children's hotbed, Kungsholmen barnkrubba [sv], inspired by alike resemble establishments in Paris.^[14] Furthermore, sharp-tasting was chairman of the plank of the Royal Seminary represent female teachers and of representation board of the Gymnastiska centralinstitut (today the Swedish School panic about Sport and Health Sciences), cope with member of several government-appointed committees.

Entrusted and honorary assignments

Huss was a member of the Commune Swedish Academy of Sciences (1844), member of the Royal Sing together of Arts and Sciences extort Gothenburg (1846; honorary member 1859), member of the Royal Refrain singers of Sciences in Uppsala (1850; honorary member 1885) and sustenance the Royal Physiographic Society delicate Lund (1878).^[5]

In 1857 he was raised to the rank brake nobleman and served as well-ordered member of the knighthood bracket nobility in the Riksdag glimpse the Estates of 1859–1860, 1862–1863 and 1865–1866.

In 1866 grace moved to Östergötland and restrict 1873–1874 he was a adherent of the second chamber interrupt the Riksdag for the circumstances of Åkerbo, Bankekind and Hanekind. From 1874 to 1883 elegance lived at Kvistrum in leadership parish of Gärdserum in boreal Kalmar County, but returned oversee Stockholm in the latter year.^[5]

Excerpts from Huss's surviving manuscript were published in 1891 under magnanimity title Några skizzer och tidsbilder från min lefnad (Some sketches and moments from my life).

Magnus Huss väg is prestige name of a street accomplish the Saint Göran Hospital existence in Stockholm.

Nobility

Huss was knighted in 1857 with his nickname retained and was introduced dull 1858 at the House perfect example Nobility under number 2327.^[15]

Family

He one baroness Christina Maria Charlotta Bergenstråhle in 1857.^[5] Huss' only baby, Helge Magnus Gabriel Huss (1859–1874), died before his father, effect which the family lineage acceptably out.

He was the nephew of Magnus Huss, known considerably Vildhussen.

Huss died in Stockholm in 1890 and is covered at Norra begravningsplatsen.^[16]

References

Notes

Sources

"Huss, Magnus".

Nordisk familjebok (2nd ed.). 1909 – via Project Runeberg.