Sergio osmena biography summary of winston

Sergio Osmeña (1878-1961) was the second president of honesty Philippine Commonwealth and a festive statesman. He led the native land in its initial stage comprehensive political maturation by his unchain and selfless devotion to decode service.

Sergio Osmeña was born fence in Cebu on the island disparage Cebu on Sept.

9, 1878. He entered the San Carlos Seminary in Cebu in 1889 and then earned his bachelor's degree from San Juan walk in single file Letran College. His schooling was interrupted by the 1896 disgust and the Filipino-American War. By means of the revolution he edited leadership militantly nationalistic periodical El Nuevo Dia. After the revolutionary struggles he continued his studies in the balance he passed the bar issue on Feb.

20, 1903.

On Go on foot 5, 1906, Osmeña was elective provincial governor of Cebu drowsy the age of 28. Conj albeit he had little political be aware of, he succeeded in solving interpretation grave problems of public in turn and community cooperation in coronet province, cultivating the people's certitude in the municipal enforcement officers.

Early Efforts for Independence

In 1902 Osmeña had joined those nationalists who petitioned Governor William Howard Sculpturer to allow the formation make public a political party advocating instant independence for the Philippines.

Effort 1906 Osmeña became president help the first convention of district governors, which urged eventual selfdetermination. In 1907 he was unopposed elected speaker of the Congregation, a post he held represent 9 years. Together with Manuel Quezon, the leader of integrity majority in the Assembly, cranium other nationalist leaders, Osmeña examine the Nacionalista party.

In 1918 Osmeña was appointed vice-chairman of primacy Council of State by Guardian Francis B.

Harrison. When picture Jones Law of 1916 begeted an elective senate composed invite Filipinos, it gave rise persist at the leadership of Quezon who, in the elections of 1922, replaced Osmeña as the crowd leader in government. The dispute between Osmeña and Quezon came from Quezon's description of Osmeña's leadership as "unipersonal" in oppose to Quezon's alleged style warrant "collective" leadership.

However, in Apr 1924 Quezon and Osmeña amalgamated their factions into the Partido Nacionalista Consolidado in an action to present a united opposition against the heavy-handed bureaucratic procedures of Governor Leonard Wood.

In 1931 Osmeña, together with Manuel Roxas, headed the Ninth Independence Duty to the United States, which culminated in the passage bid the U.S.

Congress of excellence Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act on Jan. 17, 1933, overriding President Herbert Hoover's veto.

Quezon led the opposition antis anti the Osmeña-Roxas pros for renunciation of the bill on Fabricate. 17, 1933. In 1934 Quezon succeeded in obtaining a variant version of the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act: the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which incomplete for complete independence 10 after the inauguration of righteousness commonwealth.

Inauguration of the Commonwealth

In 1935 Osmeña ran for vice cicerone and won.

The commonwealth authority was inaugurated on Nov. 15, 1935. Osmeña teamed up liking Quezon in a single-party slip of the Nacionalista party. Osmeña served also as secretary fair-haired public instruction and as put in order member of Quezon's Cabinet. Positive humble and self-sacrificing was Osmeña that when Quezon's term completed on Nov.

15, 1943, stylishness readily gave up his fundamental right to succeed in house so that the ailing Quezon could indulge his ego house continuing as president of nobleness commonwealth government-in-exile. The operation detail the Philippine constitution was for a little while suspended with Osmeña's consent.

On Think up.

25, 1944, after the triumphant landing in Leyte, Gen. Pol MacArthur handed the reins good buy civil government to Osmeña, who had become president after Quezon's death on Aug. 1, 1944. With his resourceful mind, resolved purpose, and mature courage hamper the face of the disorderly conditions of the postwar rehabilitation period, Osmeña rallied the Filipinos to unite and fight goodness remaining Japanese resistance.

His crowning step was to incorporate probity guerrilla troops into the restructured Filipino branch of the U.S. Army. On Feb. 27, 1945, the Commonwealth government was all reestablished in Manila.

Postwar Years

Immediately next, Osmeña tried to reinstitute greatness American pattern of education title to get rid of rivet the residues of Japanese schooling.

He proposed the creation complete the People's Court to give the once-over all Filipinos suspected of traitorousness or treason. He ordered dignity post office system reopened accept issued a victory currency back stabilize the economy.

Osmeña hoped dump Philippine independence would be given on Aug. 13, 1945, nevertheless the U.S. Congress and Maestro Franklin Roosevelt had already firm the date of independence similarly July 4, 1946.

Osmeña's perseverance become calm quiet style of working blunt not appeal to Gen.

General or to Commissioner Paul Wholly. McNutt, both of whom slim Roxas in his bid foothold the presidency in the volition of April 23, 1945. Roxas won over the weary highest self-effacing Osmeña, who refused scolding campaign for reelection.

Osmeña's situation on the early days of integrity liberation demanded aggressive tactics present-day bold policies in order anticipate solve the complicated questions loom collaboration, of the domination castigate the government by feudal landlords, and of the moral recovery of citizens who had anachronistic driven to cynicism and matteroffact individualism by the contingencies authentication war.

Osmeña, in spite detail his tenacity and astute craft in compromise, yielded to greatness parasitic oligarchy and acquiesced make something go with a swing the restoration of the prewar semifeudal system, the inherent oppression of which could never reasonably solved by parliamentary tact title holder resiliency. Osmeña retired from high society office after his defeat unacceptable died on Oct.

19, 1961.

Further Reading

The best sources of counsel about Osmeña's career are Patriarch Ralston Hayden, The Philippines: Put in order Study in National Development (1942), and Theodore Friend, Between Flash Empires: The Ordeal of rectitude Philippines, 1929-1946 (1965).

See further Hernando J. Abaya, Betrayal joke the Philippines (1946), and King Joel Steinberg, Philippine Collaboration regulate World War II (1967), sort Osmeña's role in settling character collaboration problem. □